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伟大抗疫精神源自全国人民与新冠疫情进行艰苦斗争的伟大实践,具有重要的思想政治教育价值。立足于理论维度、价值维度和实践维度,将伟大抗疫精神融入医学生职业精神教育,能够推动医学生的职业价值观培育,坚定医学生的医德信念,厚植爱国主义情怀。通过引导疫情舆情管控,颂扬伟大抗疫楷模;挖掘学校教育资源,开展抗疫思政课堂;深化学生生命关怀,提振抗疫信心决心等实践路径,将伟大抗疫精神融入医学生职业精神教育,引导医学...
大学生入职新型职业农民的意愿、机制与路径选择
新型职业农民 现代农业 大学生就业
2018/5/24
鼓励大学生入职新型职业农民对加快实现我国农业现代化具有重要意义。要使大学生愿意把新型职业农民作为一种可供选择的职业,必须具备对新型职业农民的身份认可,来自农业生产经营的较高收益和较完善的农村基础设施及社会保障体系等条件。当前,这些条件正在逐步形成和完善,但仍须打通路径,营造和鼓励大学生成为新型职业农民的氛围,构建引导大学生成为新型职业农民的政策体系;建立大学生成为新型职业农民的资格准入制度;优化大...
近年来,中国城乡劳动力市场的供求关系明显趋紧,人口增加减速、劳动年龄人口减少和就业率下降可能是产生这一现象的主要原因。本文利用中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)1988年至2010年的微观数据,定量描述城乡就业率的长期变化趋势,并从地区(省市)、家庭和个人三个层面对就业率、就业与否的决定机制进行计量分析。通过实证分析,我们得到了以下几点发现:就业率的快速下降主要起因于城镇居民,特别是城镇女性过早退出劳动...
当前,中国社会工作的发展遭遇诸多挑战,这与社会工作获得的承认有重要关系。应用霍耐特的承认理论,并结合自我效能理论,本研究将社会承认作为公众对社会工作的承认状态;将自我效能作为社会工作者对自身能力的承认状态;将离职倾向作为衡量承认发挥作用的因变量,构建了社会承认、自我效能、离职倾向与专业教育之间的关系模型,并用结构方程模型进行验证。结果发现,社会承认与离职倾向之间有显著的负相关,自我效能完全中介了二...
性别、职业流动与农民工失范感
农民工 失范感 职业流动 性别差异
2016/11/24
利用2014年城乡居民社会调查数据,本文描述了农民工失范感现状,并从职业流动的视角探讨了失范感影响因素及性别差异。研究发现,总体而言,农民工失范感比较强烈,女性更为突出;失范感取决于主观职业流动,而非客观职业流动,同时无论是主观的向上流动还是向下流动对男性有负向作用,而对女性的影响没有通过检验,这部分支持了职业流动分离性假说。在今后研究中,性别差异的分析不仅可从社会角色的视角切入,还需与职业地位与...
劳动力市场的部门分割与体制内就业优势研究
劳动力市场分割 体制内就业 收入波动风险 就业优势
2016/11/9
中国劳动力市场存在着严重的分割现象,其中体制内和体制外两个部门间的劳动力市场分割是其重要组成部分。文章利用中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据,使用明瑟收益方程估算了不同部门各变量的回归系数,Oaxaca-Blinder分解结果也表明,在体制内与体制外部门间存在着较为严重的劳动力市场分割。劳动力市场部门分割使体制内就业相对于体制外表现出两个优势:一是体制内就业可以使同等素质的劳动力获得更高的收入;二...
中国最低工资相对水平估计
最低工资 城镇私营与个体 加班工资 工资差距
2016/7/27
为了让最低工资和平均工资具有可比性,文章对最低工资和平均工资的口径分别进行调整。如果在计算平均工资时加入城镇私营单位和个体就业人员,最低工资与平均工资的比值将上升6个百分点左右;如果各地最低工资标准包含个人缴纳的社会保险和住房公积金,最低工资与平均工资的比值将提高0.8百分点;如果在平均工资中扣除加班工资,最低工资占平均工资的比重至少还会上升6百分点左右。此外,如果以工资中位数度量平均工资,最低工...
Health, Investment in Health, and Occupational Choice
Health Investment in Health Occupational Choice
2015/9/18
In recent years it has been recognized that expenditures on medical
services, nutrition, and exercise can be viewed as investments in health
capital and analyzed using the tools of capital theory. T...
Facing a World of NO: How Accessible is a Career in Psychology for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians?
Career Psychology Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander Australians
2015/7/24
As a discipline and profession, psychology has far more to gain than lose by attracting and supporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians to pursue careers in psychology. The availabili...
Why Do Nominal Characteristics Acquire Status Value? A Minimal Explanation for Status Construction
Nominal Characteristics Acquire Status Status Construction
2015/6/24
Why do beliefs that attach different amounts of status to different
categories of people become consensually held by the members of a
society? We show that two microlevel mechanisms, in combination,...
Pluralistic Ignorance and the Flexibility Bias: Understanding and Mitigating Flextime and Flexplace Bias at Work
flextime flexplace flexibility stigma
2015/6/24
Workers who request flexibility are routinely stigmatized. The authors
experimentally tested and confirmed the hypothesis that individuals believe
others view flexworkers less positively than they d...
To understand the mechanisms behind social inequality, this address argues that we need to
more thoroughly incorporate the effects of status—inequality based on differences in esteem
and respect—a...
Gender and the Career Choice Process: The Role of Biased Self-Assessments
Self-Assessments Gender Career
2015/6/24
This article develops a supply-side mechanism about how cultural
beliefs about gender differentially influence the early career-relevant
decisions of men and women.
Constraints into preferences: gender, status and emerging career aspirations
gender status emerging career aspirations
2015/6/24
his study presents an experimental evaluation of a model that describes the constraining effect of cultural beliefs about gender on the emerging career-relevant aspirations of men and women. The model...
The demands of today’s workplace—long hours, constant availability, selfsacrificial dedication—do not match the needs of today’s workforce, where
workers struggle to reconcile competing caregiving an...