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We prove the security of NMAC, HMAC, AMAC, and the cascade construction with fixed input-length as quantum-secure pseudo-random functions (PRFs). Namely, they are indistinguishable from a random oracl...
NMAC is a mode of operation which turns a fixed input-length keyed hash function f into a variable input-length function. A practical single-key variant of NMAC called HMAC is a very popular and wid...
A main contribution of this paper is an improved analysis against HMAC instantiating with reduced Whirlpool. It recovers equivalent keys, which are often denoted as Kin and Kout, of HMAC with 7-round ...
Cryptanalysis of HMAC/NMAC-Whirlpool     HMAC  NMAC  Whirlpool       2016/1/4
In this paper, we present universal forgery and key recovery attacks on the most popular hash-based MAC constructions, e.g., HMAC and NMAC, instantiated with an AES-like hash function Whirlpool. The...
HMAC and its variant NMAC are the most popular approaches to deriving a MAC (and more generally, a PRF) from a cryptographic hash function. Despite nearly two decades of research, their exact securi...
We first propose a general equivalent key recovery attack to a $H^2$-MAC variant NMAC$_1$, which is also provable secure, by applying a generalized birthday attack. Our result shows that NMAC$_1$, eve...
We first propose a general equivalent key recovery attack to a $H^2$-MAC variant NMAC$_1$, which is also provable secure, by applying a generalized birthday attack. Our result shows that NMAC$_1$, eve...
We first propose a general equivalent key recovery attack to a $H^2$-MAC variant NMAC$_1$, which is also provable secure, by applying a generalized birthday attack. Our result shows that NMAC$_1$, eve...
In case of security analysis of hash functions, finding a good collision-inducing differential paths has been only focused on. However, it is not clear how differential paths of a hash function infl...
Kim et al. [4] and Contini et al. [3] studied on the security of HMAC and NMAC based on HAVAL, MD4, MD5, SHA-0 and SHA-1. Especially, they considered the distinguishing attacks. However, they did n...
In this paper, we present new security proofs of well-known hash constructions NMAC/HMAC proposed by Bellare et al. in 1996. We show that block ciphers should be used in hash functions in another way ...
Forgery and Partial Key-Recovery Attacks on HMAC and NMAC Using Hash Collisions.
HMAC is a widely used message authentication code and a pseudorandom function generator based on cryptographic hash functions such as MD5 and SHA-1. It has been standardized by ANSI, IETF, ISO and N...
HMAC was proved in [3] to be a PRF assuming that (1) the underlying compression function is a PRF, and (2) the iterated hash function is weakly collision-resistant. However, recent attacks show that...

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